Kuhn's paradigm shifts; the book that gave the phrase to everyone.
John Harrison's clocks solve the problem that sank ships; Dava Sobel's short classic.
Rachel Carson on DDT and the birds that stopped singing; the book that started environmentalism.
The one we are causing, species by species; Kolbert's Pulitzer.
Darwin's one long argument for natural selection, still readable.
Bill Bryson explains the universe, the atom and the dinosaurs as if to a friend in a pub.
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